MCQs for the FRCS (Urol) and Postgraduate Urology Examinations

Algorithms provide a logical, concise and cost-effective approach to medical reasoning: utilizing a concise, step-by-step approach based upon clues from the history, physical examination and laboratory studies, algorithms help avoid excessive unnecessary procedures and testing. The 2nd edition of Manual of Clinical Endocrinology deals with practical issues ranging from simple thyroid function testing and thyrotoxicosis to approaching a patient with suspected thyrotoxicosis. Algorithms are simple and effective tools for the practitioner in a hurry and since the majority of the intended audience, physicians, general practitioners and postgraduates have very little time amidst their busy clinical routine, this manual uses algorithms. Twenty-two clinical issues are covered by an algorithmic approach, breaking down long lists and tables of differential diagnosis into smaller, more manageable ones. Common clinical symptoms, signs and laboratory abnormalities are classified as they present themselves at the patient’s bedside. This manual is an attempt to provide the busy practitioner with a desktop reckoner which will be useful while approaching a patient with a suspected endocrine problem. The authors have strived to be practical not pedantic – at the same time have made great effort to ensure that the recommendations are evidence based.